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The content of the article "exercise therapy in diseases of the respiratory system":
*Initial position - I. p.
The respiratory system consists of tissues and organs, providing pulmonary ventilation and pulmonary respiration. Breathing is a unified process, consisting of three inseparable parts: external respiration, i.e. gas exchange between the external environment and the blood of pulmonary capillaries occurring in the lungs; gas transport by the blood circulatory system and blood; tissue respiration, i.e. gas exchange between the blood and the cell, where the cells consume oxygen and produce carbon dioxide.
The system of external respiration consists of the upper respiratory tract, bronchi, lungs, thoracic cage and respiratory muscles (see Fig. Respiratory system).
Respiratory system
1 - frontal sinus; 2 - ethmoid bone; 3 - maxillary sinus; 4 - epipharynx; 5 - oral part of the pharynx; 6 - hypopharynx; 7 - the larynx; 8 - trachea; 9 - apex; 10 - intercostal muscles; 11 - iris; 12 - heart, 13 - branches of the lower lobar bronchus; 14th - fin; 15th - right bronchus; 16 - alveoli
Refers to allergic diseases, the main manifestation is the attack of suffocation caused by impaired patency of the bronchi.
The disease often begins paroxysmal cough, accompanied by shortness of breath with expectoration scanty amount of glassy phlegm (asthmatic bronchitis, previous asthma). For bronchial asthma is characterized by the appearance light, moderate, or severe asthma attacks. The cyclic course of the disease: acute phase is usually followed by remission.
Physical education, therapeutic exercises conducted in the period of remission. Depending on the course of the disease include dosed walking, skiing, Cycling, etc. Shows the sauna (bath), massage the chest, respiratory muscles, back muscles, etc.
Approximate complex LH in bronchial asthma
1. I. p. - lying on your back, hands are at the chest. At the height of exhalation to compress the chest with your hands. 5-7 times.
2. I. p. - lying. By turn bending of feet. Breathe out slowly to make. 3-5.
3. I. p. - lying. Hand in hand - breath, to embrace yourself - exhale. 3-6 times.
4. I. p. - sitting. Flexion of the feet - inhale, straightening - exhale. 4-6 times. The emphasis on the exhalation.
5. I. p. - sitting, arms at sides. Torso twists left and right. 5-7 times.
6. I. p. - sitting. Hands up - inhale, bend forward, exhale. 4-6 times. The emphasis on the exhalation.
7. I. p. - sitting, hands on his belt. The straightening of the legs and arms. 5-7 times.
8. I. p. - sitting, hands on knees. Shoulders back, inhale, bending forward, shoulders are down and out. 4-6 times.
9. I. p. - standing. Trunk bending left and right. 5-7 times.
10. I. p. - standing. In turn the lead foot back. 6-8 times.
11. I. p. - standing. Hands up - breath, torso, the arms - exhale. 3-6 times. The emphasis on the exhalation.
12. I. p. - standing, hands in "castle", the rotation of the body 5-8 times.
13. I. p. - standing. In turn the movement of feet and hands. 5-7 times. Breath free.
14. I. p. - standing. Retraction of the arms and shoulders back - inhale, drop your head and shoulders - exhale. 4-6 times.
15. I. p. - hands to the side. Bending forward, hands strastno - exhale. 3-5.
16. I. p. - sitting, hands to the shoulders. Take your elbows back, inhale, bend forward, elbows touch the chest - exhale. 4-6 times.
17. I. p. - hands on his belt. The slopes of the left and right. 5-7 times.
18. I. p. - standing. Bend - inhale, bend forward, arms relaxed, exhale. 3-6 times. TM.
19. Walking around the room or at 30-60 s. the ТС.
Note: in addition to these exercises, performed breathing exercises while exhaling through the mouth with simultaneous pronunciation of the vowels (a, u, e, I, o) and consonants (R, W, W, g, W, C) sounds or their compounds, for example: bree, bri, bru, etc.
The disease is associated with expansion of the alveoli, atrophy of the alveolar walls, reduced elasticity of the lung tissue. Permanent symptoms of emphysema are shortness of breath, cough, etc. With the help of physical therapy is achieved by improving breathing, especially exhalation, strengthens the intercostal and abdominal muscles, increases mobility of the diaphragm.
For chronic bronchitis characterized by cough in the morning with expectoration of mucous sputum. Cough occurs day and night, frequent exacerbations of the disease in cold, wet weather.
In chronic bronchitis it is recommended dosed walking, walking skiing, boating, Biking, LH, sauna (sauna), etc.
Approximate complex physical therapy for diseases of the lungs (emphysema, bronchitis, etc.)
1. Walking in place with the change of pace. 30 seconds Breathing evenly.
2. I. p. - standing, hands at sides. Torso twists left and right. TM. 6-8 times in each direction.
3. I. p. - standing, hands on his belt. The slopes of the left and right. TC. 5-7 times in each direction.
4. I. p. - standing. Hand in hand - inhale, tilt the torso forward, hugging chest - exhale. TC. 4-6 times.
5. I. p. - sitting, hands on his belt. Straighten the right leg, hands forward, inhale; return to I. p. exhale. TC. 5-7 times for each leg.
6. I. p. - sitting. To take arms at sides - inhale, bend forward, exhale. TM. 4-6 times.
7. I. p. - standing, hands on his belt. The slopes of the left and right. TC. 5-7 times in each direction.
8. I. p. - hands to the shoulders. By turning the hands back and forth. TC. 5-8 times back and forth.
9. I. p. - standing left side of the chair. The slopes of the left and right. TC. 4-6 times in each direction.
10. I. p. - standing. Take the left leg back, hands up - inhale; return to I. p. exhale. The same with the other leg. TC. 5-7 times for each leg.
11. I. p. - standing. Hands up - inhale; tilt the head, shoulders (your arms must hang down) - exhale. TM. 4-6 times.
12. I. p. - sitting. Hands to the shoulders - inhale; elbows are lower, tilt forward - exhale. TM. 4-6 times.
13. I. p. - standing. Hands up - inhale; sit up, exhale. TC. 5-7 times.
14. I. p. - standing, gymnastic stick behind. Retraction of the arms back to bend. TM. 4-6 times. Breathing evenly.
15. I. p. - standing in the slope, hands forward. Torso twists left and right. TC. 5-7 times in each direction.
16. I. p. - standing, hands up. The forward bends. TM. 4-6 times.
17. Walking around the room 30-60.
Approximate complex LH in chronic pneumonia and bronchitis
K these include acute and chronic diseases characterized by inflammation of the parenchyma or interstitial tissue of the lungs.
In acute pneumonia is a complex respiratory gymnastics with the inclusion of exercise in coughing. Is massage the chest with warm-up and ointments followed by wrap the patient with blanket (pre-wrapping the rib cage with a towel).
In chronic pneumonia are recommended therapeutic exercises and warming massage of the chest, walking in the woods (the Park), Jogging (at first, alternating walking and Jogging), Cycling, skiing.
An approximate complex of medical gymnastics in chronic pneumonia
1. I. p. - lying. One hand put on a stomach, another over her chest, "belly breathing" p. 30
2. I. p. - the same. Hands up, legs bent in the knees - inhale. Hands down, straighten your legs, exhale. 5-6 times.
3. I. p. - the same. Legs bent at the knee and hip joints. Hand in hand - inhale, clasp them yourself - exhale. 4-6 times.
4. I. p. - the same. The legs up under the belly, to take up arms knees - inhale; straighten your legs, hands down - exhale. 6-8 times.
5. I. p. - same, legs bent at the knee and hip joints, the hands on the chest. Turns foot left and right. 4-6 times in each direction.
6. I. p. - sitting on a chair. Hand in hand - inhale, grab your hands - exhale. 5-6 times.
7. I. p. - the same. Hands to the shoulders. The rotation of the hands back and forth. By 6-8 times.
8. I. p. - the same. Hands on belly, "belly breathing" of 30-60.
9. I. p. - the same. Hands up - inhale, bend forward, exhale. Breath done through the nose and long exhale through the mouth. 5-6 times.
10. "The walk" sitting 20-30 s.
11. I. p. - standing. The hand with the ball forward. Torso twists right and left. 4-6 times in each direction.
12. I. p. - the same. Hands holding the ball up - inhale, down - exhale. 6-8 times.
13. I. p. - the same. The rotation of the arms in the shoulder joints left and right. 6-8 times in each direction.
14. Walking in place with 30-40, running in place 15-30 s. Helpful breathing exercises while walking.
V.I. Dubrovsky,
Academician of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences,
IANPO and the New York Academy of Sciences,
Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor,
A.V. Dubrovskaya, pediatrician
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